october 1

Atmosphere peaceful as attendees boo representatives of government main party, which prioritizes talks with Spain

President says government 'will manage to hold another vote' and insists on Canada-like Clarity Act

Nearly 2.3 million ballots were cast on October 1, 2017, but the day was marred by brutal police violence leaving over 1,000 injured

Vote marred by police violence was peak of political conflict between Catalonia and Spain, and still shapes the country's politics today

Experts say referendum was 'most important challenge' to Spain in decades but leaders did not think about 'what to do after'

Changes, under investigation, include deleting section on police brutality during October 2017 referendum

Far-right Vox want October 12 holiday commemorating Columbus' arrival in America marked in Catalan parliament 

Political officials and other prominent figures also condemned police violence seen on the fourth anniversary of the vote

Grassroots activist groups to hold demonstrations and marches over entire weekend to mark events of October 1, 2017

Strasbourg court sees no evidence of human rights violations in police operation to stop independence vote in 2017

Government headquarters decorated with four giant red bands representing stripes in Catalan flag

Parties divided over how to pursue elusive political goal while responding to Spain's backlash

Defendants, including public officials and businesspeople, face charges less severe than imprisoned top politicians